What is the primary function of a voltage regulator?

The primary function of a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage level. This is critical in ensuring that electrical equipment operates safely and efficiently, preventing damage caused by voltage fluctuations. A voltage regulator compensates for variations in input voltage and load conditions, thereby providing a stable output voltage.

In many applications, consistent voltage is essential for the proper functioning of electronic devices and machinery. For example, sensitive equipment like computers and medical devices require a steady voltage supply to avoid malfunctions or degradation in performance. By maintaining this stability, voltage regulators help to enhance the reliability of electrical systems and protect equipment from potential harm due to overvoltage or undervoltage conditions.

The other options involve different functions that do not align with the primary purpose of a voltage regulator. Such functions include increasing voltage, converting DC to AC, or measuring voltage fluctuations, which are distinctive operations carried out by other types of devices or systems.